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European Insurance and Occupational Pensions Authority

827

Q&A

Question ID: 827

Regulation Reference: Guidelines on contract boundaries

Article: 18, 28

Status: Final

Date of submission: 13 Sep 2016

Question

A number of our UK insurance company clients provide unit-linked pensions policies to occupational pension schemes.  For these companies, the policies give the insurer the unilateral and unconditional right to terminate the policies at any time subject to a three month notice period. In the event of the insurer exercising this right, the policyholder would be paid the value of units at the end of the three month notice period and the insurer’s liability would then cease completely at that point.  If the insurer does not terminate the policy it will continue in-force until the death or retirement of the members of the occupational pension scheme or until the policyholder chooses to transfer the value of the units to another provider.

The policies are written as insurance business but they are simply savings policies.  There are no insurance benefits and no investment performance or other guarantees.  The obligation under the policy at all times is the value of the unit liabilities.  There is no obligation on the policyholder to pay future premiums and the policyholder is free to transfer the value of their units to another provider at any time.  There is no limit on the charges that may be taken by the insurer from the policy .

Our question is how should such policies be projected for the purposes of calculating the technical provisions?

Our understanding is that:
1.     Article 18 paragraph 3(a) of the Delegated Regulation sets the contract boundary for all obligations under this policy (i.e. those that relate to both paid premiums and any future premiums that belong to the contract in accordance with Article 18 paragraph 5) as three months - being the notice period referred to above.
2.     Since Article 18 paragraph 3(a) defines the contract boundary for these policies to be three months, Article 18 paragraph 2 requires that the obligations under this policy that relate to the paid premiums (i.e. the unit liabilities in respect of the past premiums and the associated administration and investment management costs) do not belong to the contract after three months.
3.     Article 18 paragraph 5 of the Delegated Regulation requires that future premiums, which are non-contractual for these policies, and the associated obligations should not be included in the calculation of technical provisions of this contract.
4.     As a consequence of points 1 to 3 above, the cash flow projection used in the calculation of the best estimate in accordance with Article 28 should stop after three months and the best estimate is, therefore, the value of the unit liabilities attaching to the contract at the valuation date plus the present value of the cash-flows (expenses less charges) arising in the next three months.

Please can you confirm whether our understanding as set out above is correct.

EIOPA answer

1. The boundary of the contract is not three months; rather it is immediate, i.e. all past premiums and obligations relating to them do belong to the insurance contract, while future premiums and obligations relating to them do not belong to the insurance contract. This is because Article 18(5) applies in determining the boundary for this contract (it is a savings contract with no insurance cover or financial guarantees); note that Article 18(3) does not apply in this case (as purported in the question).

2. The insurer’s unilateral right to terminate the policy subject to a three month notice period does not influence the boundary of the contract.

3. As stated in point 1 above, future premiums and obligations relating to them do not belong to the insurance contract.

4. The description of the calculation of the best estimate is not fully clear, in particular with regard to the application of Article 77(4) of the Solvency II Directive (no separate calculation of best estimate and risk margin). Irrespective of that, in case a separate calculation of best estimate and risk margin needs to be made, the insurer’s unilateral right to terminate the policy subject to a three month notice period does not define the projection period for cash-flows to be included in the calculation of the best estimate. The calculation of the best estimate should include all cash-flows expected to be incurred in servicing the obligations within the contract boundary. In this case the cash-flow projection should run until expiry of the obligations, i.e. until death or retirement (as specified in the question). An undertaking with such a contract cannot simply assume that a three month termination notice will be provided, i.e. it should not truncate the cash-flow projection to only cover a three month period following the valuation date.